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ASP的数据库类

作者:nhconch    转贴自:CSDN    点击数:3360


ASP的数据库类

一、前言
  提到ASP操作数据库,大多数人会想到:共用的连接字串ConStr、Conn.Open ConStr建立数据库连接、Conn.Execute SqlCmd方式执行命令、RecordSet.Open Sql,Conn,1,1取得记录集,的确这种方法被99%的人或公司采用。对于操作数据库过程中产生的错误,恐怕99%的人不会进行处理,要么在程序的开头加入on error resume next“轻松”跳过去、要么让错误信息连同错误代码一同“暴尸”在浏览者面前。对于前一种情况可能会产生让人莫明其妙的怪异结果,后一种情况,可能会在某个时间(比如连接数据库时)暴露您的敏感信息,影响网站安全。当然,还是有个别负责的程序员同志会在容易产生错误的操作后面加入if err.xxxx来处理可能的错误,但这似乎不是一个好办法,一不小心就可能漏掉了。
  我至今也没有想明白,为什么在VB和ASP.NET中都存在的On Error Goto,偏偏在ASP中被取消了。
  另外不得不提的是,当您在前面使用on error resume next而在后面不想resume next了,对不起,没办法,您只能把它“贯彻到底”。看看其它语言的异常机制,try..catch..finally随心所欲,真是爽酷了!

  说了这么多,并不要为ASP引入诸如异常机制等新的内容,毕竟ASP语言本身也决定这是不可能实现的(ASP.NET中实现了),只是想在ASP中最普遍的也是最容易出现错误的数据库操作中,找到一种有效的错误处理方式,并把conn、RecordSet等封装起来,达到最大限度的精简。于是便有了下面的数据库类。


二、数据库类
1、功能
  正如前面所说,这个类的目的是把ADODB.Connection、Adodb.Recordset等烦琐的操作封装起来并在类里实现错误处理。现在看看类的成员、属性和方法:
  1)成员:(没有公有或保护成员)
  2)属性:
    ClassName-返回类名
    Version-返回版本
    LastError-返回最后的错误
    IgnoreError-设置/返回是否忽略数据库错误
    Connection-返回连接对象(ADODB.Connection)
    ConnectionString-设置/返回连接字串(本示例为SQL Server,如为其它请根据实际设定)
    FieldCount、PageSize、PageCount、AbsolutePage、AbsolutePosition、Bof、Eof-请参考Adodb.Recordset相应内容
  3)方法:
    Setup-设置连接数据服务器的帐号、密码、数据库名、主机/IP
    Connect-连接数据库
    Close-关闭数据库连接并释放资源
    Query-执行数据库查询命令并返回数据集
    ExeSQL-执行SQL命令(不返回数据库)
    FieldName-返回指定序号的字段名
    Fields-返回指定的(序号或字段名)字段的值
    Data-同上
    MoveNext、MovePrevious、MoveFirst、MoveLast-请参考Adodb.Recordset相应内容


2、实现代码(DBSql.inc.asp)
内容太长,点击此处打开/折叠...
<%
'=======================================================================
' CLASS NAME:  clsDB
' DESIGN BY :  彭国辉
' DATE:        2003-12-18
' SITE:       
http://kacarton.yeah.net/
' EMAIL:       kacarton@sohu.com
' MODIFY:
'   2004-6-25: 升级后的数据引擎,返回错误代号小于0(也可以是ASP对数值的
'              定义有变),修改错误检测err.number>0 ==> err.number<>0
'   2004-6-30:修改错误处理,忽略如游标类型改变等非错误性质的提示
'=======================================================================

Class clsDB

  ' name of this class
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: Name
  Private m_strName

  ' version of this class
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: Version
  Private m_strVersion

  ' Error Object
  ' @var ADODB.Connection.Errors
  ' @access    private
  ' @see       property: LastError

  Private m_LastError
 
  ' Ingore all Connection.Errors
  ' var Boolean
  ' @access    private
  ' @see       property: IgnoreError
  Private m_IgnoreError

  ' Connection Object
  ' var ADODB.Connection
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: Connection
  Private m_Connection
 
  ' Is connection to database?
  ' var boolean
  ' @Private
  Private m_bIsConnect

  ' RecordSet
  ' var RecordSet
  ' @access    Private
  Private m_RecordSet

  ' Connection string
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: ConnectionString
  Private m_ConneStr

  ' Database server host name or IP
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: Host
  Private m_strHost

  ' Database name
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: Database

  Private m_strDatabase

  ' Account to connection database
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: UserName
  Private m_UserName

  ' Password to connection database
  ' var string
  ' @access    Private
  ' @see       property: Password
  Private m_Password

  ' get class name attribute.
  ' usage: oTemplate.Name
  ' access    public
  Public Property Get ClassName()
    ClassName = m_strName
  End Property

  ' get class version attribute.
  ' usage: oTemplate.Version
  ' access    public
  Public Property Get Version()
    Version = m_strVersion
  End Property
 
  ' Get class last error messages.
  ' usage: oTemplate.LastError
  ' @access    public
  Public Property Get LastError()
    LastError = m_LastError
  End Property
 
  ' Get or Set Ignore connection.errors
  Public Property Get IgnoreError()
    IgnoreError = m_IgnoreError
  End Property
 
  Public Property Let IgnoreError(ByVal Value)
    m_IgnoreError = Value
  End Property
 
  ' Get Connection
  Public Property Get Connection()
    Connection = m_Connection
  End Property
 
  ' Get connection string
  Public Property Get ConnectionString()
    ConnectionString = m_ConneStr
  End Property
 
  ' Set connection string
  Public Property Let ConnectionString(ByVal Value)
    m_ConneStr = Value
  End Property
 
  ' Get data fields count
  Public Property Get FieldCount()
    FieldCount = m_RecordSet.Fields.Count
  End Property
 
  ' Get RecordSet PageSize
  Public Property Get PageSize()
    on error resume next
    PageSize = m_RecordSet.PageSize
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Can not get PageSize!)
  End Property
 
  ' Set RecordSet Page Size
  Public Property Let PageSize(ByVal Value)
    on error resume next
    m_RecordSet.PageSize = Value
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Can not set PageSize to & Value)
  End Property
 
  ' Get RecordSet page count
  Public Property Get PageCount()
    PageCount = m_RecordSet.PageCount
  End Property
 
  ' Get RecordSet record count
  Public Property Get RecordCount()
  on error resume next
    RecordCount = m_RecordSet.RecordCount
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Get RecordCount error.)
  End Property
 
  ' Get RecordSet Absolute Page
  Public Property Get AbsolutePage()
    on error resume next
    AbsolutePage = m_RecordSet.AbsolutePage
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Can not get AbsolutePage!)
  End Property
 
  ' Set RecordSet Absolute Page
  Public Property Let AbsolutePage(ByVal Value)
    on error resume next
    m_RecordSet.AbsolutePage = Value
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Can not set AbsolutePage to & Value)
  End Property
 
  ' Get RecordSet Absolute Position
  Public Property Get AbsolutePosition()
    on error resume next
    AbsolutePosition = m_RecordSet.AbsolutePosition
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Can not get AbsolutePosition!)
  End Property
 
  ' Set RecordSet Absolute Position
  Public Property Let AbsolutePosition(ByVal Value)
    on error resume next
    m_RecordSet.AbsolutePosition = Value
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(Can not set AbsolutePosition to & Value)
  End Property

  ' Bof
  Public Property Get Bof()
    Bof = m_RecordSet.Bof
  end Property
 
  ' Eof
  Public Property Get Eof()
    Eof = m_RecordSet.EOF
  end Property
   
  'Setup the databease host name, database name, User name(account), password
  Public Sub Setup(Account, Password, Database, Host)
    m_UserName = Account
    m_Password = Password
    if Database<> then m_strDatabase = Database
    if Host<> then m_strHost = Host
    m_ConneStr = Driver={SQL Server};Server= & m_strHost & ;Database= &_
                 m_strDatabase & ;Uid= & m_UserName & ;Pwd= & m_Password & ;
  End Sub
 
  ' Connect to database
  Public Function Connect()
    on error resume next
    m_Connection.Open m_ConneStr
    if err.number<>0 Then ShowError(数据库连接错误:(Server: & m_strHost & , Database: & m_strDatabase & ))
    m_bIsConnect = true
    Connect = true  'todo://
  end Function
 
  ' Diconnect database
  Public Function Close()
    on error resume next
    Set m_RecordSet = Nothing
    Set m_Connection = Nothing
    m_bIsConnect = false
    Close = true
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(切断数据库连接时出错)
  end Function
 
  ' Query
  Public Sub Query(SQLCommand)
    on error resume Next
    if not m_bIsConnect then Connect
    Set m_RecordSet = Server.CreateObject(Adodb.Recordset)
    'Set m_RecordSet = m_Connection.Execute(SQLCommand)
    m_RecordSet.Open SQLCommand, m_Connection, 1, 1
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(SQLCommand):exit sub
    if m_Connection.Errors.Count>0 And m_IgnoreError=false then ProcessError(SQLCommand)
  End Sub
 
  ' ExeSQL Command
  Public Sub ExeSQL(SQLCommand)
    on error resume Next
    if not m_bIsConnect then Connect
    m_Connection.Execute SQLCommand
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(SQLCommand):exit sub
    if m_Connection.Errors.Count>0 And m_IgnoreError=false then ProcessError(SQLCommand)
  End Sub
 
  ' Get Fields Name
  Public Function FieldName(ByVal FieldId)
    on error resume next
    FieldName = m_RecordSet.Fields(FieldId).Name
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(不能读取字段 & FieldID & 名称!)
  End Function
 
  ' Get fields data
  Public Function Fields(ByVal FieldId)
    on error resume next
    Fields = m_RecordSet.Fields(FieldId)
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(不能读取字段 & FieldID & 数据!)
  End Function
 
  ' Get fields data
  Public Function Data(ByVal FieldId)
    on error resume next
    Data = m_RecordSet.Fields(FieldId)
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(不能读取 & FieldID & 数据!)
    'if m_Connection.Errors.Count>0 then ShowError(不能读取 & FieldID & 数据!)
  End Function
 
  ' Move to next record
  Public Sub MoveNext()
    on error resume next
    if m_bIsConnect then m_RecordSet.MoveNext
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(MoveNext error)
  End Sub
   
  ' Move to Previous record
  Public Sub MovePrevious()
    on error resume next
    if m_bIsConnect then m_RecordSet.MovePrevious
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(MovePrevious error)
  End Sub
   
  ' Move to First record
  Public Sub MoveFirst()
    on error resume next
    if m_bIsConnect then m_RecordSet.MoveFirst
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(MoveFirst error)
  End Sub
   
  ' Move to Last record
  Public Sub MoveLast()
    on error resume next
    if m_bIsConnect then m_RecordSet.MoveLast
    if err.number<>0 then ShowError(MoveLast error)
  End Sub
 
  ' 2004-6-30
  Private Sub ProcessError(ByVal sqltxt)
    for i=0 to m_Connection.Errors.Count-1
      If m_Connection.Errors.Item(i).Number<>0 Then ShowError(sqltxt)
    Next
  End Sub
 
  ' This function is called whenever an error occurs and will handle the error
  ' Additionally the error message will be saved in m_strLastError.
 ' @param     $msg         a string containing an error message
  ' @access    private
  ' @return    void
  Private Sub ShowError(ByVal sqltxt)
    for i=0 to m_Connection.Errors.Count-1
      Response.Write m_Connection.Errors.Item(i) & ( & m_Connection.Errors.Item(i).Number & )<br>
    Next
    m_LastError = Err.Description
   
    m_Connection.Errors.Clear
    Response.Write <br>------------------------------------------------------<br> &_
                   <font color=red size=4> & sqltxt & </font>
'     Response.Write <br>------------------------------------------------------<br> &_
'                    <font color=red size=4> & Left(sqltxt, 10) & ...(错误信息已被屏蔽),请与网站管理员联系!</font>
'     Response.End
  End Sub

  ' Class constructor, set class default attributes, you can change it
  Private Sub class_Initialize
    m_strName = clsDB
    m_strVersion = 1.0
    Set m_Connection = Server.CreateObject(ADODB.Connection)
    '请修改此处为你连接数据库的默认值
    Setup sa, password, Northwind, (local)
    m_bIsConnect = False
    m_IgnoreError = False
  End Sub

  ' Class destructor, free memory.
  Private Sub class_Terminate
    Set m_RecordSet = Nothing
    Set m_Connection = Nothing
  End Sub

End Class

%>

3、使用示例
<!--#INCLUDE file=DBSql.inc.asp-->
<%
Function HTMLEncode(str)
    If IsNull(str) Then HTMLEncode = (NULL) _
    Else HTMLEncode = Server.HTMLEncode(str)
End Function

Dim sql, i
Set sql = New clsDB
sql.Connect
sql.ExeSQL(update Customers set Address='中华人民共和国' where ID=1)
sql.Query(select * from Customers)
Response.Write <table border=1><tr>
For i=0 To sql.FieldCount-1
    Response.Write <td> &  Server.HTMLEncode(sql.FieldName(i)) & </td>
Next
Response.Write </tr>
While Not sql.Eof
    For i=0 To sql.FieldCount-1
        Response.Write <td> & HTMLEncode(sql.Data(i)) & </td> '此处可直接用字段名代替i
    Next
    Response.Write </tr>
    sql.MoveNext
Wend
Response.Write </table>
sql.Close
Set sql = Nothing
%>


三、小结
  这还只是一个比较粗糙的数据库类,还有很多ADODB的特性没有添加在内,而且灵活性也不够。本文旨在为大家提供另一种思路,各位在看完本文后觉得还是有一点收获的话,我就很满足了。
  此外,我的下一篇文章《将ASP查询分页封装起来》中将用到这个类。